Essays: the shift
Essays on how knowledge work is moving from documents to apps, and why collaboration has to catch up.
Artifacts, not documents: the new unit of knowledge work
For thirty years the deliverable was a document: a file you read. AI made the deliverable an artifact: a small working thing you use. That swap changes how teams work.
The collaboration layer: the missing half of the AI stack
The AI stack got very good at making things and stayed bad at what happens next: sharing, feedback, editing, versions. Mapping the gap between generation and collaboration.
We built Google Docs for files. What about live apps?
Google Docs ended attachment chaos for documents by moving the file to a URL everyone shares. AI-built apps are stuck in the attachment era, and the same move is overdue.
Knowledge work is moving from documents to apps
For 30 years we worked in documents and slides. AI changed the default output to small interactive apps, and the tools to share and edit them together haven't caught up yet.
Why your best AI output dies in a chat window
The dashboard your AI built is genuinely good, and three days later nobody can find it. The problem isn't the output, it's where it lives: a container built for one person.